Growth of ice on surfaces poses a challenge for both organisms and for devices that come into contact with liquids below the freezing point. The authors hypothesized that surface texture provides protection from ice formation. To address if this is possible, they tested four candidate artificial surface textures(grid, valley, cone, stripes) inspired by benthic invertebrates (Saxidomas nuttalli, Crassostrea gigas, Pisaster ochraceus, and Mytilus edulis) with all other mechanical properties held constant. To examine sensitivity, a range of surface parameters(feature spacing and height), bounding the range seen in organisms, was tested.
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