New research shows that patterns inspired by lobster shells can make 3D printed concrete stronger, to support more complex and creative architectural structures. The most conventional pattern used in 3D printing is unidirectional, where layers are laid down on top of each other in parallel lines. Previous research by the RMIT team found that including 1-2% steel fibres in the concrete mix reduces defects and porosity, increasing strength. The team tested the impact of printing the concrete in helicoidal patterns (inspired by the internal structure of lobster shells), cross-ply and quasi-isotropic patterns (similar to those used for laminated composite structures and layer-by-layer deposited composites) and standard unidirectional patterns. The results showed strength improvement from each of the patterns, compared with unidirectional printing, but lead researcher Dr Jonathan Tran said the spiral patterns hold the most promise for supporting complex 3D printed concrete structures.”As lobster shells are naturally strong and naturally curved, we know this could help us deliver stronger concrete shapes like arches and flowing or twisted structures,” he said.

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